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| Bicarbonate and phosphate in Ophthalmic Solution |
| Log #430 Titration Application Note |
| The concentration of bicarbonate is determined by the first derivative titration technique using hydrochloric acid as titrant. The concentration of phosphate however, is determined by adjusting the pH of the sample to 3.8 then adding excess zinc chloride (ZnCl). ZnCl reacts with hydrogen phosphate to release hydrogen ions which is titrated back to pH 3.8 with sodium hydroxide using a preset endpoint technique. The Orion 960 determines the endpoint and calculates the concentration of bicarbonate and phosphate. |
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